<?php

define( 'MOV_TFHD_BASE_DATA_OFFSET',         0x01 );
define( 'MOV_TFHD_STSD_ID',                  0x02 );
define( 'MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_DURATION',         0x08 );
define( 'MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_SIZE',             0x10 );
define( 'MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_FLAGS',            0x20 );
define( 'MOV_TFHD_DURATION_IS_EMPTY',    0x010000 );
define( 'MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_BASE_IS_MOOF', 0x020000 );

define( 'MOV_TRUN_DATA_OFFSET',        0x01 );
define( 'MOV_TRUN_FIRST_SAMPLE_FLAGS', 0x04 );
define( 'MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_DURATION',   0x100 );
define( 'MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_SIZE',       0x200 );
define( 'MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_FLAGS',      0x400 );
define( 'MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_CTS',        0x800 );

class MP4Reader {

    /**
     * @var resource $file
     */
    protected $file;

    public function __construct( $file ) {
        $this->file = $file;
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function pos() {
        $pos = ftell( $this->file );
        if ( $pos === false ) {
            throw new Exception( 'Failed to read position in MP4 file' );
        }
        return $pos;
    }

    /**
     * @param int $length number of bytes to read
     * @return string|false raw bytes or false on eof
     */
    public function readBytes( $length ) {
        $bytes = fread( $this->file, $length );
        if ( feof( $this->file ) ) {
            return false;
        }
        if ( $bytes === false || strlen( $bytes ) < $length ) {

            throw new Exception( "Failed to read $length bytes from MP4 file" );
        }
        return $bytes;
    }

    /**
     * @param int $length number of bytes to skip over
     */
    private function skipBytes( $length ) {
        $retval = fseek( $this->file, $length, SEEK_CUR );
        if ( $retval < 0 ) {
            throw new Exception( "Failed to skip ahead $length bytes in MP4 file" );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return int|false 64-bit integer value or false on eof
     */
    public function read64() {
        $bytes = $this->readBytes( 8 );
        if ( $bytes === false ) {
            return false;
        }
        $data = unpack( 'Jval', $bytes );
        return $data['val'];
    }

    /**
     * @return int|false 32-bit integer value or false on eof
     */
    public function read32() {
        $bytes = $this->readBytes( 4 );
        if ( $bytes === false ) {
            return false;
        }
        $data = unpack( 'Nval', $bytes );
        return $data['val'];
    }

    /**
     * @return int|false 24-bit integer value or false on eof
     */
    public function read24() {
        $bytes = $this->readBytes( 3 );
        if ( $bytes === false ) {
            return false;
        }
        $data = unpack( 'Nval', "\x00$bytes" );
        return $data['val'];
    }

    /**
     * @return int|false 16-bit integer value or false on eof
     */
    public function read16() {
        $bytes = $this->readBytes( 2 );
        if ( $bytes === false ) {
            return false;
        }
        $data = unpack( 'nval', $bytes );
        return $data['val'];
    }

    /**
     * @return int|false 8-bit integer value or false on eof
     */
    public function read8() {
        $bytes = $this->readBytes( 1 );
        if ( $bytes === false ) {
            return false;
        }
        return ord( $bytes );
    }

    /**
     * @return string|false 4-byte type code or false on eof
     */
    public function readType() {
        return $this->readBytes( 4 );
    }

    /**
     * @param callable $callback in the form function(MP4Box)
     * @return bool true on success, or false on eof
     */
    public function readBox( $callback ) {
        $start = $this->pos();
        $size = $this->read32();
        if ( $size === false ) {
            return false;
        }
        $end = $start + $size;

        $type = $this->readType();
        if ( $type === false ) {
            return false;
        }

        $box = new MP4Box( $this->file, $start, $size, $type );
        $retval = call_user_func( $callback, $box );

        $remaining = $end - $this->pos();
        if ( $remaining > 0 ) {
            $this->skipBytes( $remaining );
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Scan a series of boxes and pass control based on type.
     * Unrecognized boxes will be skipped over.
     * @param callable[] $map array of callables keyed by fourCC type code
     */
    public function boxes( $map ) {
        $ok = true;
        while ( $ok ) {
            $ok = $this->readBox( function ( $box ) use ( $map ) {
                $handler = $map[$box->type] ?? false;
                if ( is_callable( $handler ) ) {
                    call_user_func( $handler, $box );
                } else if ( is_array( $handler ) ) {
                    $box->boxes( $handler );
                } else if ( $handler === false ) {
                    // no-op
                } else {
                    throw new Exception( "Unexpected callback or map type for type $box->type" );
                }
            } );
        }
    }
}

class MP4FileReader extends MP4Reader {
    /**
     * @param string $filename
     */
    public function __construct( $filename ) {
        $file = fopen( $filename, 'rb' );
        if ( !$file ) {
            throw new Exception( 'Failed to open MP4 input file' );
        }
        parent::__construct( $file );
    }

    function __destruct() {
        if ( $this->file ) {
            fclose( $this->file );
            $this->file = null;
        }
    }
}

class MP4Box extends MP4Reader {
    public $start;
    public $size;
    public $type;

    public function __construct( $file, $start, $size, $type ) {
        parent::__construct( $file );
        $this->start = $start;
        $this->size = $size;
        $this->type = $type;
    }

    public function end() {
        return $this->start + $this->size;
    }
    
    public function remaining() {
        return $this->end() - $this->pos();
    }

    public function readBytes( $length ) {
        if ( $length > $this->remaining() ) {
            return false;
        }
        return parent::readBytes( $length );
    }

}

function hexdump( $str ) {
    $out = '';
    $len = strlen( $str );
    for ( $i = 0; $i < $len; $i++ ) {
        $char = $str[$i];
        $byte = ord( $char );
        // really?
        $digits = str_pad( dechex( $byte ), 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT );
        $out .= $digits;
    }
    return $out;
}

function safestr( $str ) {
    $out = '';
    $len = strlen( $str );
    for ( $i = 0; $i < $len; $i++ ) {
        $char = $str[$i];
        $byte = ord( $char );
        if ( $byte >= 32 && $byte <= 126 ) {
            $out .= $char;
        } else {
            $out .= '.';
        }
    }
    return $out;
}

/**
 * @param string $filename - input MP4 file to read
 * @return array[] - list of segment info
 */
function extractFragmentedMP4( $filename ) {
    $segments = [];

    $mp4 = new MP4FileReader( $filename );
    $eof = false;
    $moof = false;
    $timestamp = 0.0;
    $duration = 0.0;
    $timescale = 0;
    $dts = 0;
    $first_pts = 0;
    $max_pts = 0;
    $init = false;

    /*
    Need to:
    - find the end of the moov; everything up to that is the initialization segment
    - https://www.w3.org/TR/mse-byte-stream-format-isobmff/#iso-init-segments
    - find the start of each styp+moof fragment
    - https://www.w3.org/TR/mse-byte-stream-format-isobmff/#iso-media-segments
    - find the start timestamp of each moof fragment
    - find the duration of each moof fragment

    moov.trak.mdia.mdhd.timescale - looks useful 12288 for 24fps?
    moov.trak.mdia.mdhd.duration - 0 on the moov
    moov.mvex.trex.default_sample_duration - 0 on the moov

    moof.traf.tfhd.default_sample_duration is 512 on these
    moof.traf.tfdt.baseMediaDecodeTime is 0 on the first, 122880 on the second frag (10 seconds in?)
    moof.mdat.sample_duration is empty here (uses default I guess?)
    moof.mdat.sample_composition_time_offset also empty


    opus has timescale 48000 in moov.trak.mdia.mdhd
    */
    $mp4->boxes( [
        'moov' => [
            'trak' => [
                'mdia' => [
                    'mdhd' => function ( $box ) use ( &$timescale ) {
                        $version = $box->read8();
                        $flags = $box->read24();
                        if ( $version == 1 ) {
                            $box->read64();
                            $box->read64();
                        } else {
                            $box->read32();
                            $box->read32();
                        }
                        $timescale = $box->read32();
                    }
                ],
            ],
        ],
        'moof' => function ( $box ) use  ( &$segments, &$moof, &$init, &$timestamp, &$duration, &$dts, &$first_pts, &$max_pts, &$timescale ) {
            if ( !$init ) {
                $init = [
                    'start' => 0,
                    'size' => $box->start,
                    'timestamp' => 0.0,
                    'duration' => 0.0,
                ];
                $segments['init'] = $init;
            }
            $moof = $box->start;
            $default_sample_duration = 0;
            $first_pts = 0;
            $max_pts = 0;
            $box->boxes( [
                'traf' => [
                    'tfhd' => function( $box ) use ( &$default_sample_duration ) {
                        $version = $box->read8();
                        $flags = $box->read24();

                        $track_id = $box->read32();
                        if ( $flags & MOV_TFHD_BASE_DATA_OFFSET ) {
                            $box->read64();
                        }
                        if ( $flags & MOV_TFHD_STSD_ID ) {
                            $box->read32();
                        }
                        if ( $flags & MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_DURATION ) {
                            $default_sample_duration = $box->read32();
                        }
                    },
                    'trun' => function( $box ) use ( &$default_sample_duration, &$dts, &$first_pts, &$max_pts ) {
                        $version = $box->read8();
                        $flags = $box->read24();
                        $entries = $box->read32();
                        if ( $flags & MOV_TRUN_DATA_OFFSET ) {
                            $box->read32();
                        }
                        if ( $flags & MOV_TRUN_FIRST_SAMPLE_FLAGS ) {
                            $box->read32();
                        }
                        for ( $i = 0; $i < $entries; $i++ ) {
                            $pts = $dts;
                            $sample_duration = $default_sample_duration;
                            if ( $flags & MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_DURATION ) {
                                $sample_duration = $box->read32();
                            }
                            if ( $flags & MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_SIZE ) {
                                $box->read32();
                            }
                            if ( $flags & MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_FLAGS ) {
                                $box->read32();
                            }
                            if ( $flags & MOV_TRUN_SAMPLE_CTS ) {
                                $pts += $box->read32();
                            }
                            if ( $i == 0 ) {
                                $first_pts = $pts;
                            }
                            $max_pts = max( $max_pts, $pts + $sample_duration );
                            $dts += $sample_duration;
                        }
                        echo "$first_pts - $max_pts\n";
                    }
                ],
            ] );
        },
        'mdat' => function ( $box ) use ( &$segments, &$moof, &$first_pts, &$max_pts, &$timescale ) {
            var_dump( $first_pts );
            var_dump( $max_pts );
            var_dump( $timescale );
            array_push( $segments, [
                'start' => $moof,
                'size' => $box->end() - $moof,
                'timestamp' => $first_pts / $timescale,
                'duration' => ( $max_pts - $first_pts ) / $timescale,
            ] );
        }
    ] );

    return $segments;
}

$argv = $_SERVER['argv'];
$self = array_shift( $argv );
$filename = array_shift( $argv );
$segments = extractFragmentedMP4( $filename );
//var_dump( $segments );

foreach ( $segments as $key => $segment ) {
    if ( $key === 'init' ) {
        print "$key {$segment['start']},{$segment['size']}\n";
    } else {
        print "$key {$segment['timestamp']},{$segment['duration']} @ {$segment['start']},{$segment['size']}\n";
    }
}