<?php

class MP4Reader {

    /**
     * @var resource $file
     */
    private $file;

    /**
     * @param string $filename
     */
    public function __construct( $filename ) {
        $this->file = fopen( $filename, 'rb' );
        if ( !$this->file ) {
            throw new Exception( 'Failed to open MP4 input file' );
        }
    }

    function __destruct() {
        if ( $this->file ) {
            fclose( $this->file );
            $this->file = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    public function pos() {
        $pos = ftell( $this->file );
        if ( $pos === false ) {
            throw new Exception( 'Failed to read position in MP4 file' );
        }
        return $pos;
    }

    /**
     * @param int $length number of bytes to read
     * @return string|false raw bytes or false on eof
     */
    public function readBytes( $length ) {
        $bytes = fread( $this->file, $length );
        if ( feof( $this->file ) ) {
            return false;
        }
        if ( $bytes === false || strlen( $bytes ) < $length ) {

            throw new Exception( "Failed to read $length bytes from MP4 file" );
        }
        return $bytes;
    }

    /**
     * @param int $length number of bytes to skip over
     */
    private function skipBytes( $length ) {
        $retval = fseek( $this->file, $length, SEEK_CUR );
        if ( $retval < 0 ) {
            throw new Exception( "Failed to skip ahead $length bytes in MP4 file" );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @return int|false 32-bit integer value or false on eof
     */
    public function read32() {
        $bytes = $this->readBytes( 4 );
        if ( $bytes === false ) {
            return $bytes;
        }
        $data = unpack( 'Nval', $bytes );
        return $data['val'];
    }

    /**
     * @return string|false 4-byte type code or false on eof
     */
    public function readType() {
        return $this->readBytes( 4 );
    }

    /**
     * @param callable $callback in the form function(MP4Box)
     * @return mixed the return value from the callback, or false on eof
     */
    public function readBox( $callback ) {
        $start = $this->pos();
        $size = $this->read32();
        if ( $size === false ) {
            return false;
        }
        $end = $start + $size;

        $type = $this->readType();
        if ( $type === false ) {
            return false;
        }

        $box = new MP4Box( $this, $start, $size, $type );
        $retval = call_user_func( $callback, $box );

        $remaining = $end - $this->pos();
        if ( $remaining > 0 ) {
            $this->skipBytes( $remaining );
        }
        return $retval;
    }

}

class MP4Box {
    private $reader;
    public $start;
    public $size;
    public $type;

    public function __construct( MP4Reader $reader, $start, $size, $type ) {
        $this->reader = $reader;
        $this->start = $start;
        $this->size = $size;
        $this->type = $type;
    }

    public function pos() {
        return $this->reader->pos();
    }

    public function end() {
        return $this->start + $this->size;
    }
    
    public function remaining() {
        return $this->end() - $this->pos();
    }

    public function guard( $length ) {
        $remaining = $this->remaining();
        if ( $remaining < $length ) {
            throw new Exception( "Reading beyond end of box; had $remaining bytes, wanted $length" );
        }
    }

    public function readBytes( $length ) {
        $this->guard( $length );
        return $this->reader->readBytes( $length );
    }

    public function read32() {
        $this->guard( 4 );
        return $this->reader->read32();
    }

    public function readType() {
        $this->guard( 4 );
        return $this->reader->readType();
    }

    public function readBox( $callback ) {
        $this->guard( 8 );
        return $this->reader->readBox( $callback );
    }
}

function hexdump( $str ) {
    $out = '';
    $len = strlen( $str );
    for ( $i = 0; $i < $len; $i++ ) {
        $char = $str[$i];
        $byte = ord( $char );
        // really?
        $digits = str_pad( dechex( $byte ), 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT );
        $out .= $digits;
    }
    return $out;
}

function safestr( $str ) {
    $out = '';
    $len = strlen( $str );
    for ( $i = 0; $i < $len; $i++ ) {
        $char = $str[$i];
        $byte = ord( $char );
        if ( $byte >= 32 && $byte <= 126 ) {
            $out .= $char;
        } else {
            $out .= '.';
        }
    }
    return $out;
}

/**
 * @param string $filename - input MP4 file to read
 * @return array[] - list of segment info
 */
function extractFragmentedMP4( $filename ) {
    $segments = [];

    $mp4 = new MP4Reader( $filename );
    $eof = false;
    $moof = false;
    $init = false;

    while ( !$eof ) {
        $eof = !$mp4->readBox( function ( $box ) use  ( &$segments, &$moof, &$init ) {
            /*
            Need to:
            - find the end of the moov; everything up to that is the initialization segment
            - https://www.w3.org/TR/mse-byte-stream-format-isobmff/#iso-init-segments
            - find the start of each styp+moof fragment
            - https://www.w3.org/TR/mse-byte-stream-format-isobmff/#iso-media-segments
            - find the start timestamp of each moof fragment
            - find the duration of each moof fragment

            moov.trak.mdia.mdhd.timescale - looks useful 12288 for 24fps?
            moov.trak.mdia.mdhd.duration - 0 on the moov
            moov.mvex.trex.default_sample_duration - 0 on the moov

            moof.traf.tfhd.default_sample_duration is 512 on these
            moof.traf.tfdt.baseMediaDecodeTime is 0 on the first, 122880 on the second frag (10 seconds in?)
            moof.mdat.sample_duration is empty here (uses default I guess?)
            moof.mdat.sample_composition_time_offset also empty


            opus has timescale 48000 in moov.trak.mdia.mdhd
            */

            switch ( $box->type ) {
                case 'ftyp':
                    break;
                case 'moof':
                    if ( !$init ) {
                        $init = [
                            'start' => 0,
                            'size' => $box->end(),
                            'timestamp' => 0.0,
                            'duration' => 0.0,
                        ];
                        $segments['init'] = $init;
                    }
                    $moof = $box->start;
                    break;
                case 'mdat':
                    // @todo use timestamp and duration data
                    array_push( $segments, [
                        'start' => $moof,
                        'size' => $box->end() - $moof,
                        'timestamp' => 0.0,
                        'duration' => 0.0,
                    ] );
                    break;
                default:
                    // ignore
            }

            return true;
        } );
    }

    return $segments;
}

$argv = $_SERVER['argv'];
$self = array_shift( $argv );
$filename = array_shift( $argv );
$segments = extractFragmentedMP4( $filename );
//var_dump( $segments );

foreach ( $segments as $key => $segment ) {
    if ( $key === 'init' ) {
        print "$key {$segment['start']},{$segment['size']}\n";
    } else {
        print "$key {$segment['timestamp']},{$segment['duration']} @ {$segment['start']},{$segment['size']}\n";
    }
}